airfoil
Noun
Meaning
a device that provides reactive force when in motion relative to the surrounding air; can lift or control a plane in flight
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According to Newton's second law, this change in flow direction requires a downward force applied to the air by the airfoil.
According to Newton's third law, the air must then exert an equal and opposite (upward) force on the airfoil, which is the lift.
Air above the airfoil is pushed toward the center of the low-pressure region, and air below the airfoil is pushed outward from the center of the high-pressure region.
A returning boomerang has two or more airfoil wings arranged so that the spinning creates unbalanced aerodynamic forces that curve its path so that it travels in an elliptical path and returns to its point of origin when thrown correctly.
Although this application was abandoned, publicity inspired hobbyists to adapt the flexible-wing airfoil for modern hang gliders.
At higher speeds on powered aircraft, the boundary layer on the airfoil is turbulent and more complex vortex shedding patterns have been observed.