astigmatism
Noun
Meaning
A defect of the eye or of a lens, in consequence of which the rays derived from one point are not brought to a single focal point, thus causing imperfect images or indistinctness of vision.
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Herschel considered astigmatism to be due to irregularity of the cornea and considered if vision could be improved by the application of some animal jelly contained in a capsule of glass against the cornea.
Astigmatism is an aberration that causes points to blur, degrading sharpness.
Astigmatism almost always occurs in both eyes and is usually quite symmetrical between the two.
Most astigmatism arised within the cornea although some forms occur in the lens.
For lenses that correct for astigmatism as well, three numbers are given: one for the spherical power, one for the cylindrical power, and one for the angle of orientation of the astigmatism.
In Latham and Matthews's Companion to the diary, Martin Howard Stein suggests that Pepys suffered from a combination of astigmatism and long sight.