fixed star
Noun
Meaning
any star in the Ptolemaic theory of planetary motion
Source: WordNetSynonyms
Hypernyms
Examples
He also compared the lengths of the tropical year (the time it takes the Sun to return to an equinox) and the sidereal year (the time it takes the Sun to return to a fixed star), and found a slight discrepancy.
On both occasions, Galileo mistook Neptune for a fixed star when it appeared very close—in conjunction—to Jupiter in the night sky, hence, he is not credited with Neptune's discovery.
This suggested it was not even a planet, but a fixed star in the stellar sphere beyond all the planets.