hafnium
Noun
Meaning
a grey tetravalent metallic element that resembles zirconium chemically and is found in zirconium minerals; used in filaments for its ready emission of electrons
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Garnet is another mineral that contains appreciable amounts of hafnium to act as a geochronometer.
Design and operation Instead of the movable hafnium -based control rods used in all of the other United States Naval reactors, reactivity in the S7G core was controlled by stationary gadolinium -clad tubes partially filled with water.
Extraction experiments from hydrochloric acid solutions using isotopes of rutherfordium, hafnium, zirconium, as well as the pseudo-group 4 element thorium have proved a non-actinide behavior for rutherfordium.
Commercial-quality zirconium for most uses still has a content of 1% to 3% hafnium.
For the fluoride complexes, zirconium and hafnium tend to form hepta- and octa- complexes.
In the aqueous phase, the Rf 4+ ion hydrolyzes less than titanium(IV) and to a similar extent as zirconium and hafnium, thus resulting in the RfO 2+ ion.