homologous
Adjective
Meaning
Having the same relative position, proportion, value, or structure.
Corresponding in relative position and proportion.
Having the same relative proportion or value, as the two antecedents or the two consequents of a proportion.
Characterized by homology; belonging to the same type or series; corresponding in composition and properties. See Homology, 3.
Being of the same typical structure; having like relations to a fundamental type to structure; as, those bones in the hand of man and the fore foot of a horse are homologous that correspond in their structural relations, that is, in their relations to the type structure of the fore limb in vertebrates.
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Examples
a homologous tissue graft
the wing of a bat and the arm of a man are homologous
Anaphase I Kinetochore microtubules shorten, pulling homologous chromosomes (which consist of a pair of sister chromatids) to opposite poles.
A second, dorsal aorta carries oxygenated blood from the gills to the rest of the body, and is homologous with the descending aorta of tetrapods.
At the same time, homologous recombination does not expand the multiple A --> G gradients seen in plastomes.
Cells and organisms with pairs of homologous chromosomes are called diploid.