hydroxyl
Noun
Meaning
A compound radical, or unsaturated group, HO, consisting of one atom of hydrogen and one of oxygen. It is a characteristic part of the hydrates, the alcohols, the oxygen acids, etc.
Source: Webster's dictionarySynonyms
Hypernyms
Phrases with the word
Examples
Although catalysis of the peptide bond involves the C2 hydroxyl of RNA's P-site adenosine in a proton shuttle mechanism, other steps in protein synthesis (such as translocation) are caused by changes in protein conformations.
A hydrogen atom bonded to an oxygen atom is a hydroxyl group with the oxygen atom's second bond available for bonding.) The carboxylate anion R–COO − is usually named with the suffix -ate, so acetic acid, for example, becomes acetate ion.
A phosphate group can be attached to the sidechain hydroxyl group of serine, threonine and tyrosine residues, adding a negative charge at that site and producing an unnatural amino acid.
Also, through catalysis, Hmain Omain can be converted into hydroxyl radicals (·OH), which are highly reactive.
By 1 H NMR spectrometry, the hydroxyl hydrogen appears in the 10–13 ppm region, although it is often either broadened or not observed owing to exchange with traces of water.
Beta-hydroxybutyrate is a reduced form of acetoacetate, in which the ketone group is converted into an alcohol (or hydroxyl ) group (see illustration on the right).