Hyksos
Noun
Meaning
Hyksos pl (plural only)
(historical) A mixed group of Asiatic people from Western Asia who took over the eastern Nile Delta, ending the Thirteenth Dynasty of Egypt and initiating the Second Intermediate Period.
Examples
Archaeologists usually date the end of the Middle Bronze Age to about 1550 BC, when the Hyksos were driven out of Egypt during the 17th and 18th Dynasties.
I suggest that the Hyksos may have been not very technologically advanced when they first entered Egypt. However, they likely became more sophisticated during the long Hyksos epoch and developed extensive relations of trade and/or tribute.
Horses were introduced by the Hyksos in the Second Intermediate Period, and the camel, although known from the New Kingdom, was not used as a beast of burden until the Late Period.
In the New Kingdom, the military began using chariots that had earlier been introduced by the Hyksos invaders.
The Semitic Hyksos used the new technologies to occupy Egypt, but were expelled, leaving the empire of the New Kingdom to develop in their wake.
However, new research claims the Hyksos people were actually a group of immigrants who had lived in for centuries before rising to power.