inertial mass
Noun
Meaning
(physics) the mass of a body as determined by the second law of motion from the acceleration of the body when it is subjected to a force that is not due to gravity
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Examples
An object with small inertial mass will accelerate more than an object with large inertial mass when acted upon by the same force.
At high speeds, and especially near the speed of light, inertial mass can be determined by measuring the magnetic field strength and the curvature of the path of an electrically-charged mass such as an electron.
Inertial vs. gravitational mass Although inertial mass, passive gravitational mass and active gravitational mass are conceptually distinct, no experiment has ever unambiguously demonstrated any difference between them.
In practice, "inertial mass" is normally taken to be "invariant mass" and so is identical to gravitational mass without the energy component.
But mass, as related to the "inertia" of a body, can also be defined by the formula: : Here, F is force, m is inertial mass, and a is acceleration.
From earliest times cavalry had the advantage of improved mobility, and a man fighting from horseback also had the advantages of greater height, speed, and inertial mass over an opponent on foot.