Old Chinese
Proper noun
Meaning
Old Chinese
A linguistic ancestor of the Chinese languages, spoken during roughly the first millennium BCE.
Synonym: (obsolete) Archaic Chinese
Coordinate terms: Old Chinese, Middle Chinese
Examples
Ancient words borrowed from along the Silk Road since Old Chinese include 葡萄 pútáo " grape ", 石榴 shíliu/shíliú " pomegranate " and 狮子/獅子 shīzi " lion ".
It is now widely held that Old Chinese did not have phonemically contrastive tone.
First, there are a number of parallels between the morphology of Old Chinese and the modern Bodic languages.
For example, the widely-known word dào 道 "the Dao ; the way" graphically combines the "walk" radical 辶 with a shǒu 首 "head" phonetic—although the modern dào and shǒu pronunciations are dissimilar, the Old Chinese *lˤuʔ-s 道 and *luʔ-s 首 were alike.
There are also a small number of words that have been polysyllabic since Old Chinese, such as húdié (蝴蝶) "butterfly".
Unlike in Bantu systems, tone plays little role in modern Chinese grammar though the tones descend from features in Old Chinese that had morphological significance (such as changing a verb to a noun or vice versa).