phase velocity
Noun
Meaning
English Wikipedia has an article on:phase velocityWikipedia
phase velocity
(physics) The velocity of propagation of a pure sine wave of infinite extent and infinitesimal amplitude.
Examples
A homogeneous and harmonic plane wave is a constant-frequency wave whose wavefronts (surfaces of constant phase ) are infinite parallel planes of constant peak-to-peak amplitude normal to the phase velocity vector.
For example, this occurs in most glasses at X-ray frequencies. citation However, the phase velocity of a wave corresponds to the propagation speed of a theoretical single-frequency (purely monochromatic ) component of the wave at that frequency.
In a given medium, the frequency is some function ω(k) of the wave number, so in general, the phase velocity and the group velocity depend on the frequency and on the medium.
In effect, the individual waves (which travel with the phase velocity) escape from the wave packet (which travels with the group velocity).
At the boundary between the media, the wave's phase velocity is altered, usually causing a change in direction.
Due to the change of medium, the phase velocity of the wave is changed but its frequency remains constant.