Noun
The science of the special functions of the several parts of the brain, or of the supposed connection between the various faculties of the mind and particular organs in the brain.
In popular usage, the physiological hypothesis of Gall, that the mental faculties, and traits of character, are shown on the surface of the head or skull; craniology.
Source: Webster's dictionaryPhrenology taught us that the mind thinks by means of the brain, is liable to become fatigued by too long attention, as the locomotive muscles are by too much walking; and I therefore proposed to them to take a brief rest. George Combe
Bear et al. 2007, pp. 10-11 The major criticism of phrenology is that researchers were not able to test theories empirically. Source: Internet
Flourens' experiment, while not perfect, seemed to indicate that Gall's supposed organs were imaginary.sfnsfn Scientists had also become disillusioned with phrenology since its exploitation with the middle and working classes by entrepreneurs. Source: Internet
Gender stereotyping was also common with phrenology. Source: Internet
Carter, p. 65 Unlike Eakins, however, Sartain believed in phrenology and Beaux adopted a lifelong belief that physical characteristics correlated with behaviors and traits. Source: Internet
France While still not a fringe movement, there was not popular widespread support of phrenology in France. Source: Internet