phylloxera
Noun
Meaning
A small hemipterous insect (Phylloxera vastatrix) allied to the aphids. It attacks the roots and leaves of the grapevine, doing great damage, especially in Europe.
The diseased condition of a vine caused by the insect just described.
Source: Webster's dictionarySynonyms
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After the phylloxera epidemic, many wines were "mislabeled" as containing one of these noble grape varieties, which were reinterpreted as "wine styles" rather than true varietal names.
In the 1980s, a new epidemic of phylloxera hit California, devastating many vineyards, which needed replanting.
Just as the industry was recovering through the use of the copper -based Bordeaux mixture fungicide, the phylloxera epidemic that had plagued France and other European wine regions reached the island.
Most vineyards were destroyed by phylloxera in the 19th century, and very slowly were reconstituted.
Production was nearly destroyed by the phylloxera and by the two wars, and only in 1946 was the region again producing fully.
The title Côtes de Provence was already in use in 1848, but production was nearly destroyed by phylloxera later in that century, and took decades to recover.