It is recognised or codified in many national jurisdictions, as well as e.g. by the European Court of Justice as a "general principle of Union law ". citation ;Nulla poena sine lege stricta : There is to be no penalty without strict law. Source: Internet
;Nulla poena sine lege scripta : There is to be no penalty without written law. Source: Internet
However, it seems that universal jurisdiction is not to be expanded substantially to other crimes, so as to satisfy Nulla poena sine lege. Source: Internet
;Nulla poena sine lege certa : There is to be no penalty without definite law. Source: Internet