of Retort
Source: Webster's dictionaryModified in-situ processes involve removing part of the oil shale and bringing it to the surface for modified in-situ retorting in order to create permeability for gas flow in a rubble chimney. Source: Internet
Lee (1990), p. 6 Above-ground retorting processes tended to yield a lower API gravity shale oil than the in situ processes. Source: Internet