rutile
Noun
Meaning
A mineral usually of a reddish brown color, and brilliant metallic adamantine luster, occurring in tetragonal crystals. In composition it is titanium dioxide, like octahedrite and brookite.
Source: Webster's dictionarySynonyms
Hypernyms
Examples
After color follows clarity: similar to diamonds, a clear stone will command a premium, but a ruby without any needle-like rutile inclusions may indicate that the stone has been treated.
All natural rubies have imperfections in them, including color impurities and inclusions of rutile needles known as "silk".
Titanium Dioxide R715 by Hangzhou Epsilon Chemical is an alumina zirconia treated rutile pigment, produced by chloride process.
Improvements used include color alteration, improving transparency by dissolving rutile inclusions, healing of fractures (cracks) or even completely filling them.
In 2005 the Republic of Sierra Leone in West Africa had a production capacity of 23% of the world's annual rutile supply, which rose to approximately 30% in 2008.
In the latter case, the mineral no longer has a silicate structure, but that of rutile (TiO 2 ), and its associated group, which are simple oxides.