externality
Noun
Meaning
State of being external; exteriority
separation from the perceiving mind.
Source: Webster's dictionarySynonyms
Antonyms
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the outwardness of the world
Externality An externality exists when a person makes a choice that affects other people in a way that is not accounted for in the market price.
An externality can be positive or negative, but is usually associated with negative externalities in environmental economics.
A common example of such an externality is double marginalization.
An externality is an effect of some activity on an entity (such as a person) that is not party to a market transaction related to that activity.
Because the unpleasantness of the work is not internalised, being born by the slave rather than the owner, it is a negative externality and leads to over-use of slaves in these situations.