uracil
Noun
Meaning
a base containing nitrogen that is found in RNA (but not in DNA) and derived from pyrimidine; pairs with adenine
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A base is attached to the 1' position, in general, adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), or uracil (U).
Adenine binds with thymine and uracil; Thymine binds only with adenine; and cytosine and guanine can bind only with one another.
Because 5-Fluorouracil is similar in shape to, but does not undergo the same chemistry as, uracil, the drug inhibits RNA replication enzymes, thereby blocking RNA synthesis and stopping the growth of cancerous cells.
At these points, one primer set recognizes DNA with cytosines to amplify methylated DNA, and one set recognizes DNA with uracil or thymine to amplify unmethylated DNA.
DNA is first treated with sodium bisulfite, which converts unmethylated cytosine bases to uracil, which is recognized by PCR primers as thymine.
If the pH of the reaction increases to >10.5, the uracil anion forms, making the reaction go much more slowly.