serine
Noun
Meaning
A white crystalline nitrogenous substance obtained by the action of dilute sulphuric acid on silk gelatin.
Source: Webster's dictionarySynonyms
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Acid proteases secreted into the stomach (such as pepsin ) and serine proteases present in duodenum ( trypsin and chymotrypsin ) enable us to digest the protein in food.
Along with histidine 57 and aspartic acid 102, this serine residue constitutes the catalytic triad of the active site.
Activity of MAP kinases is restricted by a number of protein phosphatases, which remove the phosphate groups that are added to specific serine or threonine residues of the kinase and are required to maintain the kinase in an active conformation.
A phosphate group can be attached to the sidechain hydroxyl group of serine, threonine and tyrosine residues, adding a negative charge at that site and producing an unnatural amino acid.
An acyl-enzyme intermediate, bound to the serine, is formed, and the newly formed amino terminus of the cleaved protein can dissociate.
De-aminated alanine, cysteine, glycine, serine, and threonine are converted to pyruvate and can consequently either enter the citric acid cycle as oxaloacetate (an anaplerotic reaction) or as acetyl-CoA to be disposed of as CO 2 and water.